Operators in C sharp Arithmetic Operators, Assignment Operators, Unary Operators, Comparison Operator, Logical Operator

Operator helps to solve the mathematical or logical problem in programming.To make an expression we normally use opearator symbol. To calculate the value of variable or performs operation in variable we need  to make proper expression.

In C sharp, we  use  arithmetic operators, assignment operators, unary operators, comparison operator, logical operator etc

C# Arithmetic Operators
Arithmetic Operators are used for basic mathematical calculation in C# programming.
The C# arithmetic operator performs basic calculation as add, subtraction, multiplication, division, and modulus.


Arithmetic Operators:
Operator
Description
Examples
+
Add numbers
      A+B
–
Subtract numbers
      A-B
*
Multiply numbers
      A*B
/
Divide numbers
      A/B
%
Divide two numbers and returns reminder
     A%B

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
namespace Program
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            int Num1, Num2, Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, Division;
          
            Console.Write("Enter the First Number : ");
            Num1 = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
            Console.Write("Enter the Second Number : ");
            Num2 = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());

            Addition = Num1 + Num2;
            Subtraction = Num1 - Num2;
            Multiplication = Num1 * Num2;
            Division = Num1 / Num2;

            Console.WriteLine("The Addition is {0}", Addition);
            Console.WriteLine("The Subtraction is {0}", Subtraction);
            Console.WriteLine("The Multiplication is {0}", Multiplication);
            Console.WriteLine("The Division is {0}", Division);
            Console.ReadLine();
           
          
          
            }
          
        }

    }


Output
Enter first number            15
Enter second number      12
Addition              27
Subtraction          3
Multiplication     180
Division               1.25

C# Assignment Operators
The most used C# assignment operator is equal “=”  operator.The symbol of c sharp assignment operator is “=” without quotes. The assignment operator widely used with C# programming. Let’s understand with  a simple example:
result=num1+num2;
In this example, the equal to (=) assignment operator assigns the value of num1 + num2 into result variable.
Types of assignment Operators:

Operator
Description
Example
=
Simple assignment operator, Assigns values from right side operands to left side operand
Result = num1 + num2 assigns value of num1 + num2 into Result
+=
Add AND assignment operator, It adds right operand to the left operand and assign the result to left operand
Result += num1 is equivalent to Result = Result + num1
-=
Subtract AND assignment operator, It subtracts right operand from the left operand and assign the result to left operand
Result -= num1 is equivalent to Result = Result - num1
*=
Multiply AND assignment operator, It multiplies right operand with the left operand and assign the result to left operand
Result *= num1 is equivalent to Result = Result * num1
/=
Divide AND assignment operator, It divides left operand with the right operand and assign the result to left operand
Result /= num1 is equivalent to Result = Result / num1
%=
Modulus AND assignment operator, It takes modulus using two operands and assign the result to left operand
Result %= num1 is equivalent to Result = Result % num1
<<=
Left shift AND assignment operator
Result <<= 2 is same as Result = Result << 2
>>=
Right shift AND assignment operator
Result >>= 2 is same as Result = Result >> 2
&=
Bitwise AND assignment operator
Result &= 2 is same as Result = Result & 2
^=
bitwise exclusive OR and assignment operator
Result ^= 2 is same as Result = Result ^ 2
|=
bitwise inclusive OR and assignment operator
Result |= 2 is same as Result = Result | 2

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Linq;

using System.Text;



namespace assignment_Operator
{

    class Program
    {

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {

            int x1, X2;



            x1 = 20;

            X2 = 10;



            Console.WriteLine("The assignment value is = {0}", x1);



            x1 += X2;

            Console.WriteLine(" Addition is= {0}", x1);



            x1 -= X2;

            Console.WriteLine(" Subtraction is = {0}", x1);



            x1 *= X2;

            Console.WriteLine(" Multiplication is ={0}", x1);



            x1 /= X2;

            Console.WriteLine("Division is  = {0}", x1);



            x1 %= X2;

            Console.WriteLine("Modulo is = {0}", x1);



            Console.ReadLine();

        }

    }

}



Output

The assignment value is 20
Addition is = 30
Substraction is =10
Multiplication = 200
Modulus = 0

C# unary operator:

The C# unary operator is nothing  but  Increment, decrement operators. These oprators mostly used in looping to increament and decrement the value by 1.

++ Increment Operator  (increment operator):  It is used for incrementing value by 1. It is used in C# programming by two types: Pre-increment (++i) and Post-increment (i++). In pre-increment, first it increments by 1 then loop executes whereas in Post-increment, the loop executes then it increments by 1.


using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

namespace run_csharp_code
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            int i = 6; // initialization

            i++; // i incremented by one. It is post increment

            Console.WriteLine("The value of i is {0}", i);

            Console.ReadLine();
        }
    }
}


Output   7

— Decrement Operator (Decrement Operator): It is used for decrementing the value by one. It has also two types: Pre-Decrement (–i) and Post Decrement (i–). In pre-decrement the value is decremented by one then loop executes whereas in post-decrement the loop executed then the value decrements by one.
Examples:

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

namespace Decrement_Operator
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            int i = 5; // Initialization
            Console.WriteLine("The Value of i is {0}", i);

            i--; // i decremented by one. It is post-decrement

            Console.WriteLine("\nNow the value of i is {0}", i);

            Console.ReadLine();
        }
    }
}


Output
The Value of i is 5

C# Comparison Operators or Relational operators:
Relational operators are used to compare values. These operators always returns true or false based on comparison.
Symbol
Meaning
< 
less than
<=
less than or equal to
> 
greater than
>=
greater than or equal to
==
equal to
!=
not equal to
Example:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

namespace Comparison_Operator
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            int x1, x2;

            //Accepting two inputs from the user
            Console.Write("Enter first number\t");
            x1 = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
            Console.Write("Enter second number\t");
            x2 = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());

            //Processing comparison
            //Check whether x1 is greater than or not
            if (x1 > x2)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("{0} is greater than {1}", x1, x2);
            }
            //Check whether x2 is greater than or not
            else if (x2 > x1)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("{0} is greater than {1}", x2, x1);
            }
            else
            {
                Console.WriteLine("{0} and {1} are equal", x1, x2);
            }
            Console.ReadLine();
        }
    }
}


Output
Enter first number         4
Enter second number    6
6 is greater than 4
C# Logical Operator:
Logical Operator returns true or false by evaluating the given at least two values.
If  variable A holds Boolean value true and variable B holds Boolean value false, then:
Operator
Description
Example
&&
Called Logical AND operator. If both the operands are non zero then condition becomes true.
(A && B) is false.
||
Called Logical OR Operator. If any of the two operands is non zero then condition becomes true.
(A || B) is true.
!
Called Logical NOT Operator. Use to reverses the logical state of its operand. If a condition is true then Logical NOT operator will make false.
!(A && B) is true.
Example
The following example demonstrates all the logical operators available in C#:
using System;
namespace OperatorsAppl
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            bool a = true;
            bool b = true;

            if (a && b)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Line 1 - Condition is true");
            }

            if (a || b)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Line 2 - Condition is true");
            }
            /* lets change the value of  a and b */
            a = false;
            b = true;

            if (a && b)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Line 3 - Condition is true");
            }
            else
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Line 3 - Condition is not true");
            }

            if (!(a && b))
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Line 4 - Condition is true");
            }
            Console.ReadLine();
        }
    }
}

When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces the following result:
Line 1 - Condition is true
Line 2 - Condition is true
Line 3 - Condition is not true
Line 4 - Condition is true


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